Watching our pets grow older & develop different diseases can be challenging. One disease we can see in our pets is Cognitive Dysfunction. This is very similar to Alzheimer’s disease in people. If a pet has cognitive dysfunction then their behavior can gradually decline & they will exhibit different senile changes. This typically occurs in pets over 10 years of age. 

Cognitive Dysfunction is caused by age related changes in the brain such as reduced blood flow, dysfunctional neurons, and an increase in beta-amyloid protein. Neurons need to function properly or information is not processed correctly. This leads to decreased ability to remember and tell the body what to do. 

What are some symptoms of a pet having cognitive dysfunction?

• Wandering
• Anxiety
• Confusion
• Urinary or fecal accidents
• Pacing (especially at night)
• Not recognizing familiar people or surroundings
• Getting lost in familiar environments
• Waking up at night
• Less interaction with owners
• Restlessness 
• Decreased interest in eating, playing, & socializing

How is cognitive dysfunction diagnosed?

There is no specific test for cognitive dysfunction. It is typically diagnosed by the history given by an owner and physical exam findings. Blood or urine testing may be performed to rule out other diseases. 

Is there a treatment?

There is no cure for cognitive dysfunction. Some supplements or medications may help reduce symptoms. Speak to your veterinarian before starting any medications, supplements or changing diets. 

• Diet: There are different diets formulated to support brain health.
• Supplements: Medium-chain triglycerides or other anti-oxidant supplements may improve brain health.
• Medications: Some anti-anxiety medications can help reduce some of the symptoms of cognitive dysfunction. Melatonin in the evenings may help your pets sleep. 

What is the prognosis?

Cognitive dysfunction is progressive, but this does not mean your pet will have a poor quality of life. For many dogs, progression is slow and they can still enjoy their day to day life with the family. 

If you think your senior pet is experiencing signs of senility or cognitive dysfunction, please contact us or your veterinarian to discuss your concerns.